What Is California Proposition 65? Understanding Prop 65 Warnings on Art Materials
If you’ve ever seen a label on your art supplies stating something like “This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or other reproductive harm,” you’ve encountered a Proposition 65 warning. But what exactly is Prop 65, and what does it mean for artists?
What Is Proposition 65?
California Proposition 65, officially known as the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986, is a law that requires businesses to provide clear warnings if their products expose consumers to chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm.
These chemicals are listed by the State of California and updated annually. The list includes over 900 substances—many of which are found in paints, inks, solvents, and other art materials.
Why Are There Warnings on Art Materials?
Some pigments, binders, solvents, and preservatives used in art supplies may contain trace amounts of substances listed under Prop 65, such as:
- Cadmium (found in some pigments)
- Chromium (also used in pigments)
- Lead (historically used in some paints)
- Formaldehyde (used in some binders or preservatives)
- Toluene (a solvent found in some inks and markers)
Even if the risk is minimal, if the exposure level exceeds California’s very strict limits, a warning label is legally required.
What Does a Prop 65 Warning Mean?
A Prop 65 warning does not mean that a product is unsafe or banned. It means that the product may expose you to a listed chemical at a level that requires a warning under California law. The warning is often given “out of an abundance of caution,” especially in cases where materials are used frequently or over long periods of time.
You might see text like this on an art material:
WARNING: This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm.
Does This Apply Outside California?
Yes. Although Prop 65 is a California law, many manufacturers include the warning on all packaging to ensure compliance across the U.S., rather than having different versions for different states.
How Should Artists Respond to Prop 65 Warnings?
- Read and follow all safety instructions. If ventilation is recommended, work in a well-ventilated area or use a mask or gloves.
- Be informed. Learn which materials are potentially hazardous and consider safer alternatives if you're concerned.
- Use proper storage. Keep potentially hazardous art materials sealed, out of reach of children, and away from food or drink areas.
- Know your rights. Proposition 65 is about giving you the right to know, not banning materials.
In Summary
Proposition 65 warnings are about transparency and informed choices. For artists, they serve as a reminder to handle materials responsibly—especially when working with paints, inks, and other products that may contain trace chemicals. With proper safety precautions and awareness, you can continue creating with confidence and care.